Longitudinal immunological outcomes from three doses of COVID-19 vaccines in people living with HIV: antibodies, memory-B cells, cytokines, and a novel within-host immunological model
Chapin S. Korosec [1,2], Vitaliy Matveev [3], Mario Ostrowski [3], Jane M. Heffernan [1,2]
[1] Modelling Infection and Immunity Lab, Mathematics and Statistics, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
[2] Centre for Disease Modelling, Mathematics and Statistics, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
[3] Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
People living with HIV (PLWH) older than age 55 have an enhanced risk of complications from SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is further unclear whether multiple standard doses of COVID-19 vaccines elicit a durable immunity in this population or whether the vaccines can destabilize HIV reservoirs. In this talk I will discuss our unpublished work where we followed n = 91 PLWH aged 55+ and n = 23 age-matched HIV- individuals over a period of 48 weeks following COVID-19 dose one, capturing longitudinal immunological outcomes from two subsequent booster doses. I will introduce the longitudinal immunological findings for IgG, memory-B cells, and cytokines (IFNg and IL2). I will then motivate our novel within-host immunological model which couples these quantities together, and the findings of our fits to determine dose-dependent decay rates and half life values. Model fit findings, practical identifiability concerns, and biological implications of the within-host modelling approach will be discussed.